Everything You Need to Know about Insider Trading

by Insider Alert Research Team

Insider trading.

You might have heard the term back in 2011 when Peter Schweizer’s book, “Throw Them All Out,” first caught the attention of 60 Minutes and quickly ignited a firestorm of controversy.

In “Throw Them All Out,” Schweizer detailed numerous examples of congressional corruption, including our lawmakers’ habit of legislating themselves exclusive loopholes to profit off of the rules and regulations they shackle the rest of us with. That includes insider trading.

Let me explain…

Insider trading, at its very basic, is when somebody with special knowledge about a company decides to either buy or sell shares or security of said company. Usually this is somebody high up on the corporate ladder but, as Briefing Investor explains it, it can also include “officers and directors of companies, owners of restricted stock, and owners of more than 10% of a company’s stock.”

What’s wrong with that, you might ask?

Well, that’s where things start to get a bit more complicated.

You see, when the stock market crashed in 1929, setting off the Great Depression, a lot of blame started flying around pretty quickly as blame usually does. And while the government was in part responsible for the mess and definitely for the ensuing chaos, it didn’t want to acknowledge that blatant fact.

So, for better or worse, it began meddling in the private sector more than it already had been.

In 1934, Congress passed the Securities Exchange Act, which was promptly signed by President Franklin Delanor Roosevelt. Arguably the first of its kind – at least on the federal level – it placed strict controls on publicly traded companies with the stated intention of evening the playing field against the “fat cats” on Wall Street and in favor of main street.

Among the long list of regulations the Securities Exchange Act outlawed were:

• Using any “device, scheme, or artifice to defraud,” investors, essentially requiring companies to list all relevant information about their businesses, profits, etc. or, as Cornell University Law School explains it, anything “that investors would think was important to their decision to buy or sell the stock”
• Manipulating the market to suggest that stocks are worth more than they actually are
• Employee purchases or sales of ownership in a company without first making the public aware of the transaction, also known as insider trading

Altogether, the Act was supposed to force companies to behave more ethically and investors to act more intelligently, with the combined result of keeping the markets from crashing again. The same was true for the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, which demanded even more transparency from businesses, adding additional paperwork for them to fill out and information they had to release.

Obviously, neither have prevented very much, as evidenced by the multiple stock market crashes and recessions 1934, corporate scandals such as Enron, WorldCom and Satyam, as well as the government-connected Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac, corporate crooks such as Bernie Madoff and Jon Corzine, and Raj Rajaratnam and the other 55 people who have been charged with insider trading since 2009.

And those are just the ones who get caught!

That also isn’t to mention that company’s are really quite clever about following the letter of the law rather than the spirit much of the time. (Though it’s hard to blame them sometimes when they have to follow so many of said laws.)

As Cornell University explains:

Section 9 of the 1934 Securities Exchange Act “addresses manipulation of the stock market by traders… However, modern market manipulation is accomplished through methods that are more subtle and harder to detect… [partially because] investors must prove that the price was actually affected by the manipulation, and that the defendant acted willfully. Proving damages also involves proving the actual value, since successful claimants may recover the difference between the actual value and the price they paid.”

And the same can be said of many other aspects of insider trading law, as discussed further on.

Their Insider Pain Can Be Your Outsider Gain

Regardless of whether either the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 or the Sarbanes Oxley Act of 2002 were right or wrong, helpful or harmful, effective or ineffective, or even selfishly or selflessly motivated, they are the reality that the publicly-traded business world has to operate under in the United States.

As the aforementioned “Throw Them All Out” by Peter Schweizer pointed out, Congress doesn’t have to abide by any such rules since they loopholed themselves right out of any such responsibility or accountability, but that’s another topic for another article.

In the meantime, average investors can get ahead of the game if they only have the know-how and commitment to utilize their resources properly. (For anybody who doesn’t have the time or inclination to not only look into the following resources but follow them up and research the company as well, consider Alex Green’s Insider Alert, which does all of that work for you. For more information about the Oxford Club service, click here.)

Unless you want to get into the world of shorting stocks, forget paying that much attention to when insiders are selling. Partially that’s because there are at least a dozen good reasons for company employers or head honchos to sell what they have. And most of them are personal, having nothing to do with the company’s short-term, mid-term or long-term growth.

The chief financial officer might have a daughter going off to college, the CEO might be buying a new house, or the vice president’s young son might require a costly medical treatment. And an easy way for any of them to get the finances necessary for any of those purchases is by selling off some of their shares.

Now, if the CFO, CEO and VP are all selling at the same time, that’s reason to think twice about investing in the company. But if it’s just one or even two corporate insiders offloading some shares, more than likely, it isn’t in any danger of becoming the next Lehman Brothers.

On the other hand, there is only one reason that insiders buy, and that is that they expect their company to do well in the near future. And, let’s face it: Out of all of the analysts, investors and industry experts who like to spout their opinions at every opportunity, it’s the insiders who should know the best how their company is really doing and what it is really capable of accomplishing.

Back in 2009, Alexander Green, who edits the Insider Alert, wrote how, in 2008, he discovered that:

“David Abrams, a Director of Crown Castle International made the single-largest insider purchase in the nation. He bought 4.5 million shares at a cost of more than $60 million.

“Based in Houston, Crown Castle leases cell towers and antenna space to wireless communications companies. Most of these are in the United States, although more than 1,400 are in Australia.

• The company has more than 24,000 towers in prime markets and is actively building more to lease.
• Recent earnings, released earlier in the month, contained a few surprises.
• While earnings were in the red, revenue was still growing at 9%. And I noticed that site rental revenue, gross margins and recurring cash flow all exceeded expectations.
• Moreover, the company had lost three-quarters of its market value and was selling below book value.”

Triggered by the SEC filings that Abrams legally had to file within two days of his purchase, Alex was able to identify it as a potential growth stock worth targeting. But he didn’t stop there, taking the additional necessary step of researching the company from what it did to how and how well it did it.

Then he recommended Crown Castle International to his Insider Alert subscribers and he watched it.

Of course, the markets weren’t behaving well in 2008. At all. Yet two months later, the stock had shot up 58%. And Alex was able to lead subscribers to that significant short-term gain all because he was paying attention to what the insiders were doing.

Insider Activity Isn’t So Easy to Find

As previously mentioned, while insider trading can prove extremely lucrative, it isn’t always the easiest task to interpret or even find.

For starters, the SEC – in typical governmental fashion – doesn’t just have one generic form for insiders to fill out whenever they’re making a transaction. They have multiple ones, including:

• Form 3 filings, which officially record how much an insider owns
• Form 4 filings, which officially record any changes to what an insider owns
• Form 5 filings, which basically sum up everything recorded in Form 4 filings for the year
• Form 13D filings, which have to be filled out as soon as a shareholder owns 5% or more of a company’s shares or securities
• Form 144 filings, which officially record the POSSIBLE sale of what an insider owns (No sale actually has to be made, so someone like a CEO can just keep filing Form 144s every 90 days just in case he does want to someday sell something.)

Starting to get the picture?

And it gets even more complicated than that…

As Briefing Investor says: “Unfortunately, even if you could access all insider filings electronically as an Internet investor [which you can’t, considering that much of the data doesn’t ever have to make it onto the internet or any traditional news source either], the time requirements on these forms does not always prove helpful. Form 144s must be filed in advance of the actual sale, but it may be done as early as the morning of the sale.”

In other words: not helpful at all. The same goes for Form 4 filings, which are submitted to the SEC after any changes are made, not before or even during.

Any savvy businessperson or anybody with access to a decent legal advisor can easily get around the rules and regulations – though not the paperwork – to profit just about as nicely as he or she would if the government didn’t meddle as much as it does.

Clearly, researching insider trading with the intent of capitalizing on it can easily become a complicated and unhelpful mess for anybody who doesn’t know exactly what they’re doing or at least knows somebody who does.

But for those who can successfully navigate the complicated, convoluted world of insider trading, there’s major money to be had.

Why This Market Truism Just Isn’t True

Why This Market Truism Just Isn’t True

by Alexander Green, Investment U Chief Investment Strategist
Monday, December 5, 2011: Issue #1657

In my first book, The Gone Fishin’ Portfolio, I made a confession that startled some readers…

I retired from the investment services industry while I was still in my early 40s, but many of my clients had not become financially independent. This was not because I advised them poorly. I dealt with my clients honestly and gave them the best advice and service I could.

Yet, in many ways, they operated at a disadvantage. Some had a poor understanding of investment fundamentals. Others found it impossible to commit to a long-term investment plan. Many were simply too emotional about the markets, running to cash at the first hint of danger.

Contrarian instincts are rare, too, I learned. Few people are emotionally stirred by low stock prices. But every time there was a correction, a crash, or financial panic, my Scottish blood would surge, my pulse would rise, I’d rub my hands together, and start buying.

My clients, on the other hand, often did just the opposite, sometimes because they were too nervous but often because they bought into the old chestnut that a good investor doesn’t buy into a market downturn.

“The trend is your friend,” they’d say. Or “Don’t try to catch a falling knife.” This is surely the conventional wisdom in some quarters, but it’s not particularly wise. Here’s why …

For the last several months, traders have obsessed over problems in the Eurozone and the strength (or perceived weakness) of the U.S. economy. Taking a decidedly downbeat view, the market had a pretty horrendous November. But sentiment can turn on a dime and stocks can put on a furious – and completely unexpected – rally.

If you don’t already own stocks, it’s tough to catch the train after it has left the station.

Yet many gurus, including growth-stock advocate William O’Neill and his widely read publication Investor’s Business Daily, often insist that you shouldn’t but a stock unless the market itself is in a confirmed uptrend.

That may make sense in theory, but it often fails in practice. For instance, on page one each day, that paper reports whether the market is in a confirmed uptrend or downtrend. (And sometimes hedges, using language such as “Uptrend Under Pressure.”)

As we all know, this has been a volatile year for the market with the major indices bouncing up and down repeatedly. But you could hardly have chosen a worse strategy than to wait until the market was in a confirmed uptrend before buying. All that meant was that you bought into every short-term spike and then hit your trailing stops over and over again. (It must feel like banging your head against the wall.)

The Oxford Club has hit a number of its stops this year, too, sometimes protecting profits, other times protecting principal. But by buying great companies when the market was under pressure, we ended up with a lot of attractive entry points and plenty of both realized and unrealized profits.

True, if stocks go into a secular bear market, you can end with losses no matter how well you timed your entry points. However, you can never know whether a market drop is merely a correction or something more ominous until you are looking in the rear-view mirror.

You have to stick your neck out occasionally, pick your spots and buy stocks. If you don’t, what are you going to do? Buy bonds yielding 2.5 percent? Hold a money market paying less than one-tenth of one percent? It’s tough to beat inflation or meet your financial goals that way.

Let me make one thing clear, however. It’s most definitely a mistake to buy a troubled company that’s in a downtrend, no matter which way the broad market is heading. (That only works for those with exceptionally long time horizons – and often not even then.) But buying great companies when the broad market is a downtrend gives you a chance to obtain good prices on fine long-term investments and take advantage of tradable short-term rallies, too.

The next two months are traditionally one of the strongest periods for the stock market. No one can say, of course, whether that tradition will hold. But it’s a reasonable strategy to buy great companies when the market is down.

If your goal is to sell high, you have to start by buying low. And market corrections – like the one we’ve seen lately – give you an excellent opportunity to do just that.

Good investing,

Alexander Green

The Best Trade You Can Make in November

The Best Trade You Can Make in November

by Alexander Green, Investment U Chief Investment Strategist
Thursday, November 24, 2011: Issue #1650

In December 1996, I sold some shares of Best Buy (NYSE: BBY) to offset gains elsewhere in my portfolio.

I still consider it the most boneheaded investment move I ever made. A year later, the stock was up more than five-fold. A few years further on, it was up more than thirty-fold.

The worst part is that I didn’t dislike the business prospects for Best Buy at the time. Quite the contrary, in fact. I sold it only because I had substantial capital gains and was cleaning out my portfolio to offset them.

I don’t always do that any more. And you shouldn’t necessarily, either. Despite what your tax advisor may tell you, you should never sell an investment for tax reasons alone. Nor do you have to.

Here’s why…

The IRS allows you to offset realized gains with realized losses each calendar year. If you do, however, you must wait at least 30 days before buying the same shares back. (Otherwise you run afoul of the wash-sale rule.)

Offsetting gains at the end of the year is often a sensible move. Most stocks aren’t appreciably higher 30 days later. And if you still like them, you can buy them back then.

There is a risk, however, and it’s called the January effect. The first month of the year is traditionally a strong one for the market. A lot of pension and IRA money gets invested early each year. Plus, there’s often a rebound from the tax-loss selling that goes on each December.

If a stock you own soars in January, there’s a natural reluctance to buy it back. The temptation is to wait until it comes back down. But what if it doesn’t? You’ve taken a limited loss but sold an investment with unlimited upside potential.

There’s a way around this problem, however. And you can take advantage of it – but only if you’re willing to move this week.

In late November each year, I look at my entire portfolio for any companies that are trading below my entry price but NOT near my trailing stops. If I still like a stock, I often make the decision to double down on it for 30 days.

Why? Because I can sell the original shares at the end of December for a tax loss. And if the stock rallies in January, it’s not a problem. After all, thanks to my purchase in November, I own the same number of shares as I bought originally.

What if you don’t have the cash to double down on your position? Use margin. Again, I’m recommending this only for a 30-day period. Your margin interest charge will be minimal.

The risk, of course, is that your shares will be worth less in late December and you will have a paper loss on the second purchase.

However, just the opposite may happen. Remember, the January effect is often preceded by the Santa Claus rally, the tendency of the stock market to do well in the second half of December. As a result, you could end up with a smaller loss in your original shares and a paper gain on your second purchase.

(The Santa Claus rally is never certain, of course, and another reason why you should only add to those companies whose earnings prospects remain strong.)

Bear in mind, when selling for tax purposes, the IRS requires that you buy those identical shares AT LEAST 30 days before you sell the others. So if you want to use this strategy for 2011, you must act this week.

If we have the traditional mid-December to early February rally, you’ll thank me. And then perhaps again on April 15.

Good investing,

Alexander Green

Will You Fall Prey to “Headline Risk”?

Will You Fall Prey to “Headline Risk”?

by Alexander Green, Investment U Chief Wealth Strategist
Friday, September 2, 2011: Issue #1592

In the last couple of months, millions of investors have done a 180. It happens all the time. And – just as in the past – they will surely come to regret it.

The story is as old as equities themselves. When the market is an uptrend, investors focus on opportunity and considerations of risk go out the window. When the market is in the tank, they focus on risk and forget about opportunity.

This is the very opposite of what you should be doing.

During my 16-year career as an investment advisor and portfolio manager, I used to show new clients a 200-year chart of the stock market and ask them to identify the best buying opportunities.

Invariably, they pointed to the periods when the market had cratered.

I asked if they would be willing to step up and take advantage of such opportunities in the future. Most nodded vigorously and assured me that they would.

Few actually did.

Why? Because you can never imagine the news backdrop that will accompany a major stock market decline.

When the market recovered – as it always does – these same investors kick themselves for not scooping up bargains when stocks were cheap. Yet when the market declined again, they would generally react the very same way.

Nothing could be simpler than to say, “buy low, sell high.” But pulling the trigger when times are tough isn’t easy.

How to Avoid Headline Risk

It’s easy to fall prey to “Headline Risk.” Here’s what I mean…

On August 9, national newspaper and television headlines shouted that the Dow had plunged 634 points the previous day. That was not an insubstantial drop. It amounted to a 5.5 percent decline in the index.

Yet few sources reminded investors that the Dow was still up 66 percent (excluding dividends) from the market lows 2 ½ years ago. Or that the drop wasn’t even in the top 50 for largest daily percentage losses.

Similarly, the media made a big deal about the market sell-off the week of August 1 to 5 representing an evaporation of more than $4 trillion in world equity values. That’s a big number. (Unless you’re a Congressman, apparently.) Yet the total value of all stocks worldwide is approximately $55 trillion. And, for the overwhelming majority of investors, these were temporary paper losses.

Where was the context? There wasn’t any. The media needs sensationalism to grab viewers’ attention. Newspapers, magazines and television shows aren’t interested in helping you reach your financial goals. They’re interested in helping their marketing departments sell advertising. Sensationalism does just that.

Understand this and you can inoculate yourself against “Headline Risk.” Scary headlines create strong emotions. But strong emotions are usually the prelude to bad investment decisions.

Flee common stocks – the greatest wealth creator of all time – and where will you go? Into 10-year Treasuries yielding 2 percent? Into money market accounts paying next to nothing? Into gold which has already risen six-fold in the past 10 years? Into residential real estate which is mired in a sea of foreclosures?

High quality stocks are still your best bet to meet your long-term financial goals. National headlines are screaming just the opposite, of course, just as they have during every major buying opportunity of the past 75 years.

The truth is your greatest risk is not market fluctuations. It’s that your money fails to keep up with inflation – or that your investment portfolio kicks the bucket before you do.

Consider that before extravagant headlines prompt you to do something foolish.

Good investing,

Alexander Green

How Traders and Investors Should Play This Market

How Traders and Investors Should Play This Market

by Alexander Green, Investment U’s Chief Investment Strategist
Monday, August 8, 2011: Issue #1573

You often read in the financial press that stock market investors should do this or short-term traders should do that. But which one are you and what should you be doing now?

Here are my quick and dirty definitions, followed by a few thoughts about how each ought to approach today’s wild and wooly financial markets.

• An investor is someone set on achieving long-term financial goals: a comfortable retirement, the kids’ college education, or perhaps the down payment for a new house. Success here is measured in years, so this week’s market action is largely irrelevant except as it offers unusual opportunities. The important things to consider here are quality, diversification, asset allocation and keeping annual expenses and taxes to a minimum.

• A trader is someone who is trying to beat the market in the short term either to goose returns or reach short-term financial goals. This approach is inherently more risky, as the market action over the last few weeks has made crystal clear. The key here is to own great companies that are likely to post positive surprises in the short term (for example, great sales, high earnings, new product announcements, or an unexpected takeover bid). A trailing stop is essential to protect profits and limit any losses.

For the long-term stock investor, the current sell-off is almost certainly a gift from Fortune. I know, no one you know sees it that way, but look back through history. You’ll find that virtually every widespread market sell-off was a buying opportunity.

Yes, the market can go lower in the short term. (That’s always the case, incidentally.) But over the last 40 years, the S&P 500 has seen 25 corrections of 10 percent during a bull market. In only nine of them did the losses grow to 20 percent or more. Despite all the naysayers, a further sell-off is hardly assured.

One of the Few Reliable Rules of Investing

Still, you should only nibble at great stocks right now, not throw money at them in wild abandon. (Although I’ll bet that’s not your instinct right now, anyway.) One of the few reliable rules of investing is that perceived risk and actual risk are inversely related: The more dangerous the market feels, the more likely it is to produce generous returns in the years ahead.

So long-term investors gradually shift some money out of assets like bonds that have appreciated sharply and move them into stocks which have depreciated sharply. The fact that this feels like the wrong thing to do is, paradoxically, just the confirmation you need. (You need only recall the market meltdown two and a half years ago to see what I mean.)

Short-term traders need to take a slightly different approach, however. If you’ve been using our recommended trailing stops, you almost certainly have been building cash the last few weeks as you protected profits and preserved capital.

Don’t be in any rush to put this cash back to work. To take advantage of a crisis, you don’t have to be the first one to the fire. Pick your spots and trade judiciously. (One good strategy is to buy the same stocks that corporate insiders are currently loading up on.)

Don’t Risk Missing a Significant Rebound

Despite the stormy weather, you should cast a few lines right now. It may be tempting to simply wait until things “settle down” but then you run the risk of missing a significant rebound.

In short, tune out all the end-of-the-world hysteria and think rationally.

• As a long-term investor, shift money in cash and bonds into stocks.

• As a short-term trader – and you may well be both – scoop up great companies selling at unusual discounts – there are plenty of them out there – and adjust your stops to protect your gains.

You’ll thank me when things get back to normal. As they always do eventually.

Good investing,

Alexander Green

A Solid Investment Strategy For a Shaky Market

A Solid Investment Strategy For a Shaky Market

by Alexander Green, Investment U’s Chief Investment Strategist

Monday, June 6, 2011: Issue #1528

As you may have noticed, the stock market is acting hinky again. That makes now a good time to review your investment foundation.

Here’s what I mean…

We keep past issues of our Oxford Club Communiqué – which includes our Trading Portfolio – posted on our website. A few months ago I received a letter from a new Oxford Club member who went back through the past couple of years and was astonished by what he found.

“You were heavily invested in top-performing stocks before the financial crisis, then went totally into cash early in the meltdown, then profited from the enormous market rebound that followed. How in the world did you get it so right? How did you know what would happen?”

The short answer is we didn’t know, never will know and neither will anyone else.

What will happen in the future to interest rates, currency values, and stock prices is always an open question. This is especially true when you throw in unforeseeable geopolitical events, thousands of pages of government legislation (and their unintended consequences) and a large dollop of fear, greed, and hope.

Accept the truth. You will never know what the future holds. And that’s okay because you don’t have to…

Taking Advantage of Stock Market Uncertainty

What you need instead is an investment system that allows you to take advantage of the uncertainty inherent in the markets.

Start by looking back at history. You’ll notice two important things.

1. Owning profitable businesses is the best way to preserve and build wealth.
2. Over the past two hundred years, the stock market has gone up more than three-quarters of the time.

Over the long term, shareholding is a winning game. Trying to time the market’s ups and downs isn’t. So we buy great companies – those we believe will post the biggest earnings surprises in the months ahead – and don’t worry about the tone of the market.

Protect Winning Positions With Trailing Stops

Yes, bear markets (which are normal) are nasty and will take your stocks way down. We don’t want that to happen. So we don’t let it. Instead, we carefully protect our winning positions by using trailing stops. As long as our holdings are trending up, we’re happy to stick with them. But when any stock pulls back 25 percent from its closing high, we bid it adieu.

That’s exactly what happened in the financial meltdown a couple years ago. When things started coming apart at the seams, our trailing stops protected our profits and raised cash. By October 2008, we had sold all 44 positions in our portfolio for an average gain of 28 percent. (Not bad for a year when the S&P 500 fell 36 percent).

Since we are not market timers, we started gradually rebuilding our portfolio and were able to profit handily all over again. We currently have 27 positions in our Oxford Trading Portfolio. Twenty-five of them are profitable. And our average short-term gain is 43 percent.

Yet here’s what millions of other investors did over the last few years instead:

• They watched their profits evaporate and didn’t buy much while things were cheap.
• They panicked, switched to cash and missed the rebound or
• Worst of all, they rode their stocks down, panicked and sold, waited too long to invest and only recently bought back in. Now they’re starting to feel nervous again.

Get Rid of the Fear and Anxiety of Stock Market Investing

Fear and anxiety are natural when you don’t know what the heck you’re doing with the money you intend to live on some day. But you can get rid of the fear by dumping an investment approach that doesn’t work.

Please understand, we couldn’t possibly have known how everything was going to unfold. And neither could anyone else. But we used – and still use – an investment system, for our Oxford Club subscribers, that allows us to profit in good times and protect our capital in the bad.

Now that the market is acting jittery again, the question to ask yourself is “Am I using a system that allows me to capitalize on the uncertainty that is inherent in the markets? And, if not, why not?”

Good investing,

Alexander Green

Potentially Make Money Despite Your Investing Mistakes

Potentially Make Money Despite Your Investing Mistakes

by Alexander Green, Investment U‘s Chief Investment Strategist

Monday, May 23, 2011: Issue #1518

Investment mistakes can be expensive and some times fatal to your financial health.

Yet you will make them. And that’s okay.

The key is to:

• Not make the terribly stupid ones,
• And to learn from the rest.

Here’s what I mean …

Bone-Headed, Life-Altering Investment Mistakes

Those who make bone-headed, life-altering investment mistakes – the kind that destroy retirement dreams or radically change standards of living – almost always make the same ones:

• They didn’t invest in quality.
• They didn’t diversify.
• They repeatedly tried – and failed – to time the market.
• They delegated their investment decisions to someone unworthy of the task.

There’s a simple way to avoid these pitfalls…

Divide and Conquer Through Asset Allocation

Divide your investment portfolio among different asset classes (stocks, bonds, precious metals, inflation-adjusted Treasuries and so on) using our Oxford Asset Allocation Model, re-balance annually and follow proven, battle-tested rules of investment (which obviates the need for a full-service broker).

When you buy individual stocks, there are further mistakes you can – and will – make. Sometimes your timing will be wrong. Occasionally, you’ll be hit with a bolt out of the blue, like:

• A surprise earnings miss,
• A product recall,
• A patent infringement,
• Or an unexpected class-action suit.

Performing your due diligence – thoroughly investigating each business before you invest in it – can mitigate these risks. But that can’t eliminate them. There are too many potential risk factors for even the most diligent investigator to uncover.

Lessen the Sting of Investment Missteps with Trailing Stops

What do you do? First, you understand that you’ll be wrong occasionally – and take steps to lessen the sting of these missteps.

A good example is our trailing stop policy. They give you unlimited upside potential and strictly limit your downside risk.

• Longer-term investors might use a 25 percent trailing stop.
• Short-term traders will run their stops closer, say 15 percent behind a stock.

The important thing is to follow a proven discipline. That protects your hard-won gains and keeps the inevitable mistakes from derailing your investment plans.

I mention these timeless notions because I see a lot of investors making fundamental errors today.

• They’re loading up on gold and silver at the expense of almost everything else.
• Or sitting with most of their money in cash, earning next to nothing.
• Or they’re buying extraordinarily risky bonds to earn higher yields.

Successful investors hedge their bets. They understand that they’ll get hit from time to time, just as NFL players get slammed to the ground. It’s all part of the game. Expect it. Prepare for it.

What If You’re Wrong?

No matter what your investment posture, take a minute to ask yourself, “What if I’m wrong? What do I stand to make if I’m right? What do I stand to lose if I’m wrong?”

Mull it over. Visualize your best-case and worst-case scenarios. Focus on where your investment portfolio might be overexposed or out of whack – and adjust accordingly.

As someone who has been active in financial markets for more than 25 years, I have a finely honed sense of all the potential things that can go wrong – and a good appreciation, too, that there’s plenty more we can’t even envision.

As long as I’m an active investor, I know I’ll keep making mistakes. But I’m done making the foolish ones. The older you get, the tougher it is to imagine starting over. My advice is this: If you’re going to learn the hard way, start small and do it early.

Better still, learn from someone else’s mistakes. As I tell my regular readers, “I’ve made all the dumb mistakes so you don’t have to.”

Heed the words of Benjamin Franklin. “Experience is a dear school, but fools will learn in no other.”

Good investing,

Alexander Green

Why the Sun is Setting on Gold

Why the Sun is Setting on Gold

by Alexander Green, Investment U’s Chief Investment Strategist
Tuesday, February 22, 2011

Six weeks ago, I wrote a column advising short-term speculators to sell their gold.

Since that time, the metal has drifted lower. But the brunt of the decline is likely still ahead.

As I’ve said before, gold is difficult to value under the best of circumstances. It pays no interest, has no earnings, provides no rent. What gold will be worth next week or next month is whatever buyers will pay for it at the time. And that, in technical terms, is a guess.

I’ve heard gold bugs make their case. Some are based on emotion. Others are based on political fantasies about the Federal Reserve turning us into the Weimar Republic circa 1923, or modern-day Zimbabwe.

What I rarely hear them talking about is pedestrian stuff like supply and demand…

When Buyers Become Sellers, Look Out Below

Billions of dollars have been spent building gold mines over the last few years, so it’s not inconceivable that supply could begin to outstrip demand.

Of course, demand itself is fickle.

In 2005, investors made up just 16% of total demand for gold. Today, it’s more than 40%. Gold ETFs have taken in more than $50 billion since 2004.

What will happen to the price of gold when these buyers become net sellers, as many will when it becomes clear that the party is over? Paulson & Co., a hedge fund, now holds more than $4 billion in the SPDR Gold Trust ETF (NYSE: GLD). I wouldn’t want to be standing in front of his eventual liquidation. And, like most hedge fund managers, Paulson is not a “buy-and-hold” investor.

Some bulls justify buying gold at these levels because it briefly traded at more than $800 an ounce in 1980. And they say if you simply adjust for inflation, gold should be trading at $2,300 today.

That’s weak. Here’s why…

Don’t Be Blinded by the Gold Light

Gold badly underperformed inflation – not to mention stocks, bonds, real estate and burying your money in a hole – for 20 years after 1980. Why is it suddenly destined to catch up now?

Or look at it another way: On August 25, 1999, gold traded at $252.55 an ounce. Adjusting for inflation, gold should be trading at $339.65 an ounce today.

Granted, my starting point is the 30-year-low. But then, a calculation based on the 1980 high is just as arbitrary.

It’s understandable that gold spiked during the 2007-2009 financial crisis. Gold is an excellent barometer of investor anxiety. But that crisis is over. The recession – defined as two straight quarters of negative GDP growth – ended in June 2009. And inflation is running at just 1.2%.

So why is gold still in the stratosphere?

What to Do With Your Gold Holdings Now

Yes, I know the price of food, gasoline, health care and college tuition are all going up much faster than the official inflation rate. But let’s also concede that the price of cars, computers, appliances, electronics, furniture and, not insignificantly, homes – the biggest asset most consumers will ever buy – is coming decidedly down.

Experienced investors know that after an asset has made a huge run, the little guy – forever a day late and a dollar short – starts clamoring for a piece of the action. At that point, the bloom is off the rose. It’s too late to buy and generally high time to sell.

Take my old neighbors, Sam and Brian. They lost their shirts in Internet stocks in 2000-2002. Now they’re stuck with huge negative equity in Florida condos that they bought pre-construction – a “no-brainer” in 2005.

So what are they doing with their rapidly vanishing capital today?

You guessed it. Now that gold is up five-fold in the last 10 years and three-fold in the last five years, they’re convinced that a big move lies just ahead.

Maybe. But what’s certain is that one lies just behind.

My advice? Keep your gold bullion and blue-chip mining stocks that you own as an inflation-hedge or part of your long-term asset allocation.

But if you’re counting on gold to dash higher, note that the last time investors bought into a gold mania it took more than 25 years for them to break even – not counting inflation.

As Mark Twain famously said, “History may not repeat itself. But it rhymes.”

Good investing,

Alexander Green